APRÈN. Portal de la producció docent del professorat de la UPC

This work develops the proposal to implement a system able to search for missing persons in a mountainous environment using a multi-robotic system (MRS) structure formed by a set of drones, whose control is centralised in an entity called middleware, which will manage all decision-making and information processing. Its main objective is to take advantage of the latest technologies in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), communications and artificial intelligence (AI), and apply them to search and rescue (SAR) operations in high mountain environments. With these advances, the system aims to reduce deployment time and improve detection capabilities, which will increase the chances of survival of the missing person. On the other hand, is pretended to reduce the footprint of the current search procedures, opting for a more environmentally friendly approach. To meet this objective, a detailed study of the procedures, technologies and infrastructures involved in the proposed solution has been carried out. A functional architecture has been provided to coordinate multiple UAVs under a centralised control scheme assumed by the middleware. Throughout the development, aspects involved in the solution have been addressed in detail, such as: approach of the aerial platforms used together with their characterisation and requirements. Approach of the system in charge of processing the images in real time, specifying the model of the intelligence model and the compatible hardware. On the other hand, systems such as the middleware and the ground station have been detailed, including functions, architecture and components. Finally, a detailed theoretical analysis of the radio link between the squadron and the ground station has been carried out. Technical aspects such as the link budget, the modulation used as well as the expected transmission rate have been considered. Our result is a theoretical basis that can be used to implement the proposed system. On the other hand, it contains considerations on the feasibility of the solution and the compatibility with the proposed environment at first. It also mentions the most relevant challenges that will have to be faced before this idea can be realised, as well as proposals for improvements that will increase the value of the solution. Finally, has been carried out an analysis to assess the sustainability of the project, which can be very useful to ensure that the idea is implemented in the most sustainable and environmentally responsible way.

En el context del creixement constant del trànsit aeri, els equipatges constitueixen un factor molt important en el transport de passatgers. Aquest projecte pretén oferir una solució innovadora a algunes de les etapes logístiques del transport, identificant i seguint els equipatges durant els recorreguts que requereixin un carro porta-equipatges. Actualment, 6,9 equipatges de cada 1000 són notificats com a mal gestionats, cosa que suposa un cost per a la indústria de 2,5 mil milions de dòlars. L'any 2018, la IATA va publicar la Resolució 753, on s'estableixen nous estàndards per al seguiment dels equipatges, fomentant la implantació de la tecnologia RFID per a la seva identificació. Aquest projecte realitza un estudi sobre l'aplicació del RFID, detallant les característiques i el funcionament d'aquesta tecnologia sense fils, amb un enfocament especial en la seva compatibilitat amb l'àmbit aeronàutic. Es seleccionen els components del sistema RFID (lector, antenes i etiquetes) d'acord amb les especificacions tècniques requerides i la viabilitat econòmica. També es defineix un canal que representa l'escenari real d'un carro porta-equipatges comú. Finalment, es presenten els resultats que demostren la viabilitat de la proposta i la millor configuració per a la seva implantació.

With the support and subsequent validation of organizations such as ASPACE, the project focuses on improving the flight experience for people with cerebral palsy and other disabilities by developing two key aspects: an advanced health monitoring system and a new wheelchair restraint system for aircraft, specially adapted for the Airbus A320, the most widely used aircraft at Barcelona airport. The first part of the project consists of an application that overcomes the limitations of existing devices in terms of number of channels, cost and signal quality. This application allows the measurement and synchronization of physiological signals, such as ECG, EMG, respiration, temperature and skin conductivity, using advanced algorithms. The application is flexible and capable of handling signals of different sampling rates, reducing noise and facilitating the export of data for detailed analysis. Although still in beta, it has proven to be accurate and reliable, with an intuitive interface that allows it to be used in a variety of conditions. The second part of the project addresses the securing of wheelchairs in aircraft. A robust system has been designed that includes a hinged cylinder fitted to a rotating clamp with a locking mechanism based on a rotating shaft and a spring. This system ensures the stability of the chair during flight and allows a quick release by means of a release mechanism similar to bicycle brakes, both in normal situations and in emergencies. Two options for integrating the system into the aircraft have been evaluated: modifying the first row of seats or eliminating the first-row seats completely for a more robust restraint. In addition, further possible solutions have been proposed, as well as additional components that can serve to provide the safety required by the aeronautical sector. Both frameworks in this project emphasize the importance of promoting developments that benefit the widest possible audience. Additionally, a combined solution is developed and integrated during the course of the work.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a transformative force in today's world, revolutionising industries by enabling smarter decision-making and automation. Its ability to analyse vast datasets, learn from patterns, and adapt to new challenges makes it essential for solving complex problems in areas like cybersecurity, healthcare, and communications. As networks and systems grow in complexity, AI plays a critical role in enhancing efficiency, improving security, and driving innovation across various fields. This project focuses on three key objectives: first, to explore artificial intelligence, with a deeper emphasis on machine learning techniques, and their applicability in the context of traffic generation. AI and ML models have shown great promise in analysing complex datasets, making them suitable for modelling the behaviour of real-world traffic and generating synthetic traffic that mimics real-world conditions. A thorough analysis of various ML algorithms will be conducted, examining how they can be applied to predict traffic patterns and generate synthetic data that aligns with the characteristics of real IoT traffic. The second component of the project involves capturing real-world traffic from two specific mobile games. Mobile gaming is a growing area where fast and stable communication is crucial, with constant data exchange between the game servers and players' devices. By analysing the traffic from these games, the project will gain insights into the patterns, volume, and nature of data transmitted in real-time, providing a solid foundation for modelling synthetic traffic. This real-world traffic captured will form the basis for developing a realistic dataset, which will be instrumental in generating synthetic traffic using AI-based approaches. Finally, the project will use the captured data to generate synthetic traffic and assess its accuracy and realism compared to the actual traffic data. The goal is to determine how closely the synthetic traffic matches the real traffic in terms of key characteristics, such as transmission frequency, data volume, and event-based spikes. A comprehensive evaluation will be performed to measure the quality of the generated traffic, identifying strengths and potential areas for improvement.

Over recent years, the demands for higher data rates have been constantly increasing, and with it, spectral resources are increasingly limited. From this situation, the concept of In-Band Full Duplex raises, with the premise of multiplying by two the data rates, or reducing the used spectrum to half, In-Band Full Duplex presents itself as one of the possibilities for future generation communications. The biggest challenge presented in this kind of system is the existence of a Self-Interference, which is currently the center of attention of investigators working in the field. This project consists of the review of theory related to In-Band Full duplex system as well as the construction of simulators to evaluate state of the art techniques and analyze its viability for real world implementation. During this document, the application of Self-Interference Cancellation is studied as well as the full system performance with metrics such as BER or EVM. The second part of this project involves the author's contribution to an ESA initiative, focusing on modeling and linearizing a power amplifier designed for the deployment of non-terrestrial networks. This amplifier has the capability to transmit multiple OFDM channels within its bandwidth to different users using beamforming techniques. The present document analyzes the performance of Digital Predistortion (DPD) across various architectures, as well as the overall system performance in simulation.

The goal of this thesis is to develop a drone-based Search And Rescue (SAR) system that leverages cellular network technology to locate individuals in areas without coverage. The system is designed to detect and communicate with mobile phones carried by missing persons using a drone equipped with a Software Defined Radio (SDR) device. The solution aims to improve SAR missions by allowing rescuers to locate individuals based on their phone signals. The methodology involves the integration of an SDR-based GSM base station onto a DJI Matrice 350 RTK drone. Several hardware components were evaluated to meet the constraints of weight, power, and performance required for airborne operation. Open-source cellular network frameworks were used to implement the mobile network. Both GSM and LTE technologies were considered for the system, but development efforts focused primarily on the GSM implementation, while the system architecture was designed to support both technologies. Field experiments were conducted to measure key performance indicators, and multilateration techniques were applied to estimate the location of the detected phones based on signal data collected during test flights. The results demonstrate the practicality of the system for SAR operations. Successful field tests validated its ability to detect mobile phones and reduce the effective search area, offering significant potential for reducing search times in remote or inaccessible areas. The project also identifies areas for future improvement, such as optimizing power consumption, refining location algorithms, and integrating real-time voice communication. This developed solution offers a cost-effective and efficient alternative to traditional SAR methods, improving the ability to locate missing persons in areas without cellular coverage.

El sector de los drones ha experimentado un crecimiento significativo, con aplicaciones en diversas áreas que buscan optimizar operaciones en zonas de difícil acceso, reducir costes y aumentar la seguridad. En este contexto, el proyecto tiene como objetivo principal el desarrollo de un sistema de evasión de colisiones entre drones utilizando comunicaciones 5G, una tecnología que ofrece ventajas como la baja latencia, alta disponibilidad y capacidad para manejar grandes volúmenes de datos. El principal objetivo de este trabajo es desarrollar un sistema que permita a los drones evitar colisiones en un espacio aéreo cada vez más congestionado, utilizando para ello la tecnología 5G. El sistema se basa en la detección de otros drones en las cercanías mediante peticiones a un servidor central y comunicaciones directas cuando los drones están muy próximos. Este enfoque busca asegurar que los drones puedan realizar maniobras evasivas de manera eficiente y segura. Para lograr este objetivo, el proyecto detalla la implementación de un algoritmo de evasión que define roles jerárquicos entre los drones en conflicto, asignando un dron maestro que mantiene su ruta y un dron esclavo que realiza las maniobras evasivas necesarias. Además, se ha desarrollado un simulador en C# y Windows Forms con una base de datos en MySQL para probar y visualizar el comportamiento del algoritmo bajo diferentes escenarios, evaluando el impacto en tiempo de vuelo, distancia recorrida, el consumo de batería, y la cantidad de maniobras de evasión ejecutadas, entre otros factores fundamentales que permiten comprender cómo estos afectan al rendimiento general del sistema. Los objetivos del proyecto han sido alcanzados con éxito. El sistema de evasión desarrollado se ha demostrado altamente funcional, mostrando una gran capacidad para reducir la probabilidad de colisiones en un entorno aéreo denso. Las comunicaciones 5G resultan ser cruciales, tanto para la detección de otros drones como para la efectividad de las maniobras evasivas. La jerarquía de prioridades ha permitido dar mayor relevancia a los servicios de emergencia, asegurando que las misiones críticas no se vean comprometidas. Además, el simulador ha permitido realizar un análisis exhaustivo del sistema, identificando configuraciones óptimas que mejoran la eficiencia de las maniobras y reducen los conflictos. Este sistema, aunque se presenta como una primera versión, tiene un gran potencial de evolución, con futuras líneas de investigación orientadas a la mejora del realismo en las simulaciones, la implementación de inteligencia artificial y la adaptación dinámica de las áreas de protección. Finalmente, se concluye que el proyecto es sostenible a largo plazo desde un punto de vista ambiental, económico y social, contribuyendo a la reducción de la contaminación y los costes operativos, y generando nuevas oportunidades laborales en el sector tecnológico.

The growing demand for higher data rates and increased device connectivity, driven by advancements in communication technologies such as streaming and the Internet of Things (IoT), intensifies the demand for greater bandwidth. This thesis, Design of an Ultra-Wideband Geodesic Lens Antenna for Communications Applications presents an innovative solution that operates within the 10-40 GHz frequency range while maintaining consistent radiation patterns, a challenging task due to the frequency variations that typically distort radiation characteristics. Geodesic lens antennas are highly efficient solutions since they have very low absorption losses. However, their bandwidth is usually limited by their feed. The core of the thesis focuses on developing an antenna that has a feed with a 4:1 bandwidth ratio, followed by a geodesic generalized Luneburg lens that effectively transforms the waves emitted from the feed. Additionally, an array of four stacked flares is included to increase the directivity. This work demonstrates the suitability of implementing a geodesic generalized Luneburg lens antenna for ultra-wideband applications. This work has been developed in the Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (Sweden), in the frame of the Mobility Programe Erasmus+.

A l'univers hi ha diversos tipus de galàxies, entre les quals n'hi ha que presenten una barra amb una alta densitat d'estels. De fet, la gran majoria presenten aquest tipus d'estructura. En estudis previs, s'ha demostrat que en el cas en què els diferents elements del conjunt del sistema galàctic (barra, bulb, disc i halo), estan disposats de manera simètrica, respecte d'un sistema de coordenades rotatori alineat amb la barra, les òrbites periòdiques que es formen al voltant del punt d'equilibri central són les responsables de donar forma a la barra. Aquest fet provoca que la barra pugui perdurar al llarg del temps. Aquest fet fa que la barra pugui ser considerada com un sòlid-rígid. Tot això s'ha demostrat per una disposició simètrica, però hi ha moltes galàxies que no segueixen aquest model. Per això, en aquest projecte s'estudien les òrbites periòdiques al voltant del punt d'equilibri central del sistema galàctic per a casos on hi ha algun tipus d'asimetria. D'aquesta manera s'aconsegueix una primera aproximació sobre el comportament en aquests casos per ser comparats amb el cas prèviament estudiat. Per dur a terme tot aquest estudi, s'estudia un sistema dinàmic que permet descriure el conjunt dels elements del sistema galàctic i que determina quina és la seva dinàmica. Es fan servir diferents distribucions de densitats i potencials proposats per diferents models, els quals ja han estat emprats en l'estudi del cas simètric. Amb ells, es pot definir el camp vectorial del sistema galàctic que permet calcular la distribució dels punts d'equilibri, la qual varia en funció de les asimetries introduïdes. Llavors, prenent la ubicació trobada del punt d'equilibri central per a cadascun dels casos asimètrics, es pot desenvolupar el càlcul de les òrbites periòdiques, primer a les seves proximitats i després, emprant un mètode de continuació, es poden trobar més òrbites periòdiques de la mateixa família. Fent els càlculs, per a una distribució on la barra de la galàxia està desplaçada verticalment del centre del sistema de referència, però el bulb es manté al centre de la barra, s'observa un resultat asimètric quant als punts d'equilibri, però amb òrbites amb la mateixa forma que en el cas simètric. Per tant, en aquesta situació, les òrbites periòdiques continuen donant forma a la barra de la mateixa manera. En canvi, si l'element que provoca l'asimetria és el bulb, desplaçat horitzontalment al llarg de la barra, els resultats, a part de mostrar l'asimetria en els punts d'equilibri, també apareixen òrbites amb una forma diferents que faran que el moviment dels estels a l'interior sigui diferent, podent generar concentracions d'estels en determinades regions de la barra. Finalment, també es combinen ambdós desplaçaments (bulb i barra), i el resultat obtingut determina que el desplaçament dels punts d'equilibri té contribucions d'ambdues asimetries, però que en termes de forma, és el desplaçament del bulb el que té més influència.

This thesis discusses the current technological state of the deployment of fiber optics systems in commercial aviation, analyzing the reasons behind it and proposing a way forward by utilizing different fiber solutions that would enhance the aircraft capabilities

El proyecto se centra en desarrollar un sistema de medición basado en sensores capacitivos para detectar el engelamiento en superficies críticas de aeronaves. El sistema emplea un método de transferencia de carga con respuesta lineal, midiendo la capacitancia que varía con la formación de hielo. Para garantizar la correcta transmisión de las mediciones y detectar posibles fallos en las líneas de transmisión, se ha caracterizado un subsistema de Reflectometría en el Dominio del Tiempo (TDR), el cual no solo complementa la medición, sino que asegura la fiabilidad de los datos. El análisis de los cables en entornos aviónicos confirma la necesidad de mantener la integridad de la señal, reduciendo pérdidas y distorsiones. También se analizó cómo los componentes elegidos y las condiciones de operación afectan la precisión, lo que sugiere la necesidad de mejoras en la calibración y validación experimental. El sistema, sin embargo, no presenta una linealidad completa, lo que sugiere la implementación de un conversor analógico-digital para optimizar su rendimiento. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el sistema es una sólida base para futuras investigaciones en el sector aeronáutico. En cuanto al subsistema TDR, su eficacia en la detección de fallos en cables de diferentes longitudes ha sido validada. Para obtener una resolución óptima, se recomienda usar un ancho de banda superior a 210 MHz en cables cortos, 2,1 MHz para cables largos, y pulsos mayores a 40 Hz.

The main area of study of this Bachelor's Thesis are the radio frequency filters. More precisely, the main objective is to design the filters that will be part of a duplexer for an environment where space is one of the most important limitations. The project starts with an overview of the types of filters that currently exist, to see what are the different possibilities to carry out the design of new filters for the environments with the previously mentioned limitations. After that, a more in-depth study of the BAW technology is carried out, which is based on the use of piezoelectric materials, which can generate acoustic waves if an electrical input stimulus is applied to them, and vice versa. In addition, this part of the theoretical study also includes a brief introduction to the concept of acoustic signals in telecommunication devices, together with the differences between these devices and the traditional ones, where only electric signals are used. Also, several measures are carried out on a duplexer created to work on a GSM base station. From these ones, the different basic requirements for a duplexer will be extracted. With these specifications obtained, the process of designing different versions of electroacoustic filters is started, with simulation software to generate the most accurate response to the requirements obtained to the measurements possible. Once the theoretical design is obtained with the simulation program, the simulation of the real implementation is carried out with real dimensions and building materials thanks to a new program that allows to obtain the responses of the different resonators that conform the designed filters. With them, new small adjustments are made to generate a response that allows to comply with the maximum possible specifications of the duplexer that has been measured.

Los drones han sido el centro de atención de numerosos proyectos de desarrollo recientemente. En respuesta a este creciente interés, el Ecosistema de Ingeniería de Drones ha propuesto desarrollar una aplicación capaz de crear escenarios personalizados y gestionar conexiones con múltiples drones, permitiendo su monitorización y control integral. Esta aplicación facilitará las visitas guiadas al centro, permitiendo a los visitantes operar drones dentro de márgenes controlados mediante escenarios preconfigurados creados por los operadores a través del editor integrado. Este documento detalla el proceso de diseño e implementación del sistema, explicando el fundamento de cada decisión mientras se busca desarrollar la herramienta más efectiva posible, estableciendo así una base para futuros desarrollos en este campo. El proyecto ha contribuido a las bibliotecas del ecosistema mediante la implementación de nuevas características y funcionalidades. Además, este trabajo incluye una serie de experimentos de simulación y pruebas reales realizadas para validar la fiabilidad y utilidad práctica de la aplicación. La evaluación final, realizada por usuarios externos, proporciona retroalimentación valiosa sobre la experiencia de usuario de la aplicación.

Barred galaxies are a common type of galaxy, representing about nearly two-thirds of all spiral galaxies, including our own Milky Way. They have an elongated, bar-shaped central structure, mainly made up of stars. This bar acts as a bridge that channels gas and stars towards the center of the galaxy, promoting star formation and the evolution of the galaxy's nucleus. In the outer region, spiral arms or rings evolve, whose origin, though not yet fully understood, may be explained by the theory that they are formed by the hyperbolic invariant manifolds associated with periodic or quasi-periodic orbits around the unstable equilibrium points of the system. This project studies the dynamical behaviour of equilibrium points in asymmetric galactic models where the center of mass is offset from the center of the galaxy's bar. By shifting galactic components, such as the bulge and the bar, and analysing the bifurcation of equilibrium points as the configuration of the system evolves, the study provides information on the stability and evolution of these equilibrium points regarding this displacement. The project employs simulations to examine in detail how the Lagrangian points shift and bifurcate when the galaxy is not symmetrical. In order to analyse these results, the galactic system is modelled taking into account each of its components. In addition, a root-finding algorithm is set up to calculate the equilibrium points from an approximate input file. Finally, the stability of each of the equilibrium points is determined according to the eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix. The results of the work present a number of interesting conclusions. Firstly, we observe that a long displacement in the X-direction of the bulge with respect to the center of mass of the bar gives rise to the appearance of two new equilibrium points. One of these is stable, while the other is unstable, resulting from the reconfiguration of the system's potential. Additionally, two scenarios are examined, where minor displacements in the X and Y directions relative to the bar's center of mass result in a modification of the behaviour of the system, reducing the number of equilibrium points from five to three, or vice versa. In these transitions where the number of equilibrium points is altered, a detailed analysis is conducted on smaller displacement steps, along with an investigation into the impact of this change on the stability of the system's equilibrium points.

Durant els darrers anys, s'ha evidenciat la necessitat d'analitzar i monitorar els aerosols atmosfèrics, ja que aquests tenen un impacte significatiu no només en la salut pública i la climatologia, sinó també en àmbits com el transport aeri. La comprensió de les seves propietats i el seu monitoratge són fonamentals per entendre els processos atmosfèrics i identificar situacions potencialment perilloses per a la navegació aèria. L'objectiu principal d'aquest treball és la creació d'un programari que permeti automatitzar l'extracció d'informació relativa als aerosols a partir de mesuraments obtinguts mitjançant fotòmetres robòtics i sistemes Lidar d'aerosols. Per entendre la utilitat d'un programari d'aquestes característiques és primordial entendre la incidència que els aerosols tenen a l¿àmbit de l¿aeronàutica, així com conèixer els instruments i eines dels que es disposen per detectar-los i mesurar-los. Quant als aerosols, es consideren les cendres volcàniques, la pols del Sàhara i la biomassa cremada, així com les seves repercussions a l'aviació. Es fa referència també a organismes que tenen com a finalitat el monitoratge dels aerosols atmosfèrics i la prevenció dels seus possibles efectes adversos. En relació amb la instrumentació utilitzada per a la detecció d'aerosols atmosfèrics, al present treball s¿utilitzen dos instruments: el Lidar d'aerosols i el fotòmetre robòtic. L'algoritme GRASP combina les dades d'ambdós instruments i processa les propietats de reflectància dels aerosols i de la superfície terrestre. El software DataCrossing (desenvolupat a aquest treball) preprocessa la informació dels dos instruments, reconeixent quin tipus d'informació està disponible en una mesura particular i informant a l'usuari del tipus d'inversió que es pot obtenir de GRASP; també extreu el resultat d'aquesta inversió, obté paràmetres derivats i genera un conjunt de gràfiques que l'usuari pot visualitzar i gravar. Aquest treball no només contribueix a la recopilació i anàlisi de dades sobre aerosols, sinó que també pretén ésser una eina pràctica per a professionals del sector de l'aviació i la meteorologia, que necessiten avaluar els riscos associats amb la presència d'aerosols en l'atmosfera. La integració de dades obtingudes a través de tecnologies avançades, com ara el Lidar, pot millorar significativament la precisió dels models predictius i les estratègies de mitigació en relació amb els efectes adversos dels aerosols en el transport aeri.

En las últimas décadas, ha habido un cambio de tendencia en el sector de las comunicaciones de radiofrecuencia, con el aumento del uso de la tecnología Acustic-Wave debido a las ventajas que presentan estos filtros respecto a los convencionales. Principalmente, el tamaño más reducido de estos filtros hace que se puedan implementar más, mejorando las características del dispositivo. Los filtros de onda acústica están compuestos por transductores piezoeléctricos, los cuales convierten la señal eléctrica en acústica utilizando sus propiedades. Concretamente, tienen la capacidad de convertir las señales eléctricas en vibraciones mecánicas. Si la onda que se propaga tiene un patrón de una onda estacionaria, este transductor se conoce como un resonador acústico, y existen dos tipos, los Surface Acoustic Wave y los Bulk Acoustic Wave. Los filtros acústicos están formados por resonadores acústicos, y tienen un gran impacto en el mundo aeroespacial debido a su pequeño tamaño. Además, tienen las ventajas de tener una mejor respuesta a señales arbitrarias que los demás filtros, poder trabajar a frecuencias elevadas y por tener una gran estabilidad en condiciones extremas. Adicionalmente, debido a su tamaño, se pueden implementar más filtros acústicos en el satélite, y con la ayuda de interruptores, se puede cambiar desde la distancia a tiempo real las frecuencias de corte y los anchos de banda haciendo un filtro ajustable. Sin embargo, el problema principal de los resonadores acústicos es que son elementos no lineales, es decir, generan no linealidades que afectan de forma negativa a la señal. Una no linealidad es una alteración de la señal original, pudiendo ser armónicos o distorsiones de intermodulación. La primera es a la frecuencia fundamental o en múltiplos de esta y la segunda es una combinación de armónicos. Las no linealidades tienen la capacidad de interferir en la señal original, y en algunos casos, hacer que sea imposible la recepción y codificación de esta, haciendo que sea necesario la modelación de las no linealidades cuando se está diseñando un filtro para prevenirlas o hacer que su impacto sea lo menor posible. Existen programas que modelan las no linealidades, pero consumen una enorme cantidad de recursos, tiempo y se necesitan de licencias para su uso. Por ese motivo, el objetivo principal de este proyecto es crear un script el cual pueda modelar las no linealidades de un filtro acústico sin consumir tantos recursos, tiempo y sin la necesidad de usar una licencia. Para ello, el proyecto se centra en la comunicación entre el programa Advanced Wireless Research y un script, el cual ayuda al programa a modelar las no linealidades de forma eficaz y rápida. Como objetivo secundario, el script podrá trabajar con cualquier orden que tenga el filtro, aumentando la flexibilidad a la hora de diseñar un filtro acústico.

This final degree project is part of the Tello Engineering Ecosystem, an initiative of the School of Telecommunications and Aerospace Engineering of Castelldefels, which aims to expand the capabilities of Tello drones through various technical and creative applications. The main objectives of this work are: to improve the web app designed for controlling Tello drones, to experiment and create a show with multiple drones, and to create magic effects using Tello drones. To achieve the first two objectives, the project is structured into two key work areas: optimizing the existing web app and implementing new functionalities that allow for more intuitive and efficient control of the drones, both individually and in swarm mode. Notable improvements include the simplification of the user interface, the integration of new functionalities such as the wave movement, and the possibility of performing an indoor drone show, such as in the EETAC auditorium. Additionally, the project includes a study of image processing techniques and neural networks. In particular, a system for the automatic detection of dice faces has been implemented using erosion and dilation techniques. Furthermore, a neural network has been trained for the detection of playing cards, enabling the creation of magic effects with drones, thus opening a new module within the drone circus that the ecosystem offers.

This document describes all the work involved in creating a code library for the control of drones and their cameras. This library aims to replace the Dronekit library, a public library currently discontinued, which is present in most modules of the Drone Engineering Ecosystem at the School of Telecommunication and Aerospace Engineering of Castelldefels. Specifically, the development process of two new libraries will be described: DroneLink EETAC, which will be oriented towards drone control, and CameraLink EETAC, designed to manage the integrated camera on the drone. Additionally, the construction of three examples of use for these libraries will be included: Dashboard Direct, Dashboard Direct Multiple, and Dashboard Remote. Each will demonstrate different practical applications of the libraries, thereby highlighting their potential and versatility. With Dashboard Direct, the libraries will be used in a local context, through a direct connection to the drone via telemetry radio. This will be the first example developed and will help to verify the correct operation of the libraries. Dashboard Direct Multiple will allow the control of a swarm of up to 10 drones through a single device. This will be the second example developed and will highlight the great modularity and optimization of the libraries through their architecture. The third example will be Dashboard Remote, a desktop application that will allow the user to control the drone remotely through an external broker. In this case, the libraries will run on services integrated into the drone. This example will also cover other interesting topics, such as real-time video transmission using the websocket protocol. The development of DroneLink EETAC aims to lay the foundations for a new technology with which to build applications or services aimed at aerial vehicles. In this way, dependency on the continuity of elements developed by users external to the school will be eliminated.

The runway usage configurations at El Prat Airport have always been a hot topic due to the noise pollution caused by airport operations in the nearby communities. The rapid growth of urban areas around the city of Barcelona and other nearby towns has quickly surrounded Barcelona-El Prat Airport with urban centers, forcing the airport to adapt its operations not only to meet aeronautical needs but also to address social concerns, a challenge that has intensified over time. The urban expansion around the airport has created numerous problems and debates, causing discussions to transcend the purely technical realm. These debates have involved various stakeholders, both technical and non-technical, who share their opinions based on their personal experiences and specific knowledge. This multiplicity of perspectives has enriched the analysis but also complicated the search for consensus solutions. Regarding the technical analysis of the airport's needs, opinions are varied and complex, allowing for multiple conjectures and ideas about which configurations are ideal for each specific situation. Experts have proposed different models and theories on the airport's operational management, each with its pros and cons, reflecting the difficulty of finding a single solution that satisfies all interested parties. The main objective of this project is to create a runway usage monitoring system based on ADS-B data management, integrating existing data sources from Opensky, which are openly accessible and intended for research. The idea is to generate the necessary records to analyze the runway operations at Barcelona-El Prat Airport both during the day and at night, and at different times of the year and specific situations. This data integration will provide a holistic view of the airport's operations, helping to identify patterns and trends that might not be evident through traditional methods. To measure the different situations and scenarios, an analysis system based on metrics will be defined. By defining Key Performance Areas (KPAs) and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), it will be possible to understand in greater detail the nature of each of the studied operations. This metrics-based approach will facilitate a deeper understanding of the factors that influence the airport's operational efficiency. The metrics system will allow for a detailed data analysis and a visualization of the defined system, facilitating the thorough study of the use of each runway and the evaluation of the implications of the analyzed operations. This analysis will not only help improve the airport's operational efficiency but also provide valuable information for strategic decision-making. By considering both historical data and emerging trends, the system will enable the anticipation of potential issues and the development of proactive solutions. Furthermore, this project will contribute to transparency and communication among the different stakeholders, creating a shared and accessible database that can be used for informed debates and decisions.

CAPELLA is a Model Based System Engineering software to create models of complex systems, which is mostly used in the aerospace industry. In this project, the student, will develop a model that will centralize and expand the existing documentation to make it easily editable, shareable, and exportable applied to the DSN and Voyagers spacecraft's communications. This interactive model will provide a general overview of the missions of the Voyagerss spacecrafts and will show an example of how this complex system can be modeled in CAPELLA. The student also will study a second complex system, a quantum computer. In this case, a quantum computer explanation of the different blocks that compose this system will be explained, providing an introduction for the new paradigm. This complex system analysis is done using as reference a quantum computer of Qilimanjaro Quantum Tech S.L.