Aprèn - José María Sallán Leyes

E-commerce is an ever-growing field that has undergone steeper growth resulting from the Covid-19 pandemic. Due to this and consumer expectations guiding/following this trend, small to medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are forced to enter the space that was previously only dominated by large corporations. With technological improvements and supply chain advances, companies are now able to enter the space with far less friction leveraging tools such as e-commerce platforms (for example: Shopify, Magento, Salesforce Commerce Cloud, WooCommerce). These platforms enable companies to manage portions of an e-commerce business more easily such as inventory, order management, parcel carrier setup, and online storefronts very accessible to many offered in scalable packages for the business. Considering what these tools provide as base solutions and the previously researched elements in other studies, this study focused on elements that are not inherent to these platforms, requiring investment and consideration otherwise, such as: additional high-quality pictures, user reviews, free returns, free shipping, promotional offers. Then, these elements were tested by monitoring the change in respondent perception of various pages via a survey AB. The data was then analyzed with 4 hypothesis tests and a few other analyses to answer some key hypotheses that were synthesized following a literary review. The takeaways suggest the following: an e-commerce platform-based site provides the key base site elements and meets consumer expectations relative to their previous shopping experiences. Free shipping and free returns advertised on a site page (welcome page for this study) has a positive impact on conversion. Additional high quality product images, special offers, and displaying product reviews were not associated with a statistically significant increase in conversion in this study. As conversion rate optimization (CRO) methods should not be applied as a list of best practices in all situations, it is suggested by the author that these takeaways be considered for any specific business while knowing that these elements and others should considered and tested for any specific business as presentation choices, specific customer base, and many other factors can create very different outcomes

Digital transformation of an artisanal chocolate firm

Master thesis

Piqueras Lluelles, Adrià

Tutor / Supervisor: Sallán Leyes, José María

Publication date: 2022

Terrassa School of Industrial, Aerospace and Audiovisual Engineering (ESEIAAT)

View detail Access to the full text

Aquesta tesi se centra en transformar un negoci familiar de xocolata artesana per adaptar-lo a la indústria 4.0, tot mantenint l'artesania i els valors de l'empresa. En primer lloc, s'ha desenvolupat i implementat una aplicació Android. D'altra banda, s'han modificat diverses tècniques de producció i rutines cap a un ús més intel·ligent del temps, els recursos i la planificació. I finalment, s'han programat i instal·lat diversos dispositius IoT al llarg de la fàbrica per tal de poder fer un seguiment exhaustiu de les instal·lacions. Pel que fa a l'aplicació Android, aquesta incorpora tres característiques principals que són: un receptari dels productes, la planificació de la producció i el control d'equips. L'app, per tant, permet a tots els treballadors accedir als recursos necessaris en totes les fases de la producció, com ara temporitzadors automàtics i alarmes, la planificació del sistema Kanban i avisos en cas de temperatura o consum fora del rang especificat. El següent pas s'enfoca als mètodes de producció de la fàbrica, aplicant un sistema de planificació Kanban a la zona de brioxeria. Aquesta metodologia contribueix a tenir una millor organització in-situ i menys possibilitats de passar per alt les comandes especials, també facilita la traçabilitat dels ingredients i l'operari, així com el progrés de la producció. D'altra banda, mitjançant models matemàtics es prepara la planificació de la demanda pel proper any 2022, utilitzant dades d'anys anteriors i paràmetres externs. A més, tant l'optimització com la gestió de l'inventari es transformen per satisfer les necessitats de provisió. Finalment, s'han connectat una sèrie d'aparells IoT a l'equipament existent de la fàbrica, que van des de les neveres i forns fins l'escomesa principal d'electricitat de 3 fases, proporcionant un seguiment en temps real de les temperatures i les lectures de consum d'energia per a cada àrea de producció. En conclusió, totes les seccions esmentades es combinen dins de l'APP.

This master's thesis focuses on transforming a family owned chocolate firm into an industry 4.0 ready business, whilst maintaining the craft and values of the company. Firstly, a dedicated multi-purpose Android application has been developed and implemented. On the other hand, several production techniques and routines have been modified towards a smarter use of time, resources and planning. And lastly, multiple IoT devices along the factory have been programmed and installed in order to keep track of the facilities. Regarding the Android APP, it incorporates three main features which are; product recipes', production planning and equipment monitoring. Thanks to those, it supports and enables every employee to access the necessary resources at every stage of production, such as automatic timers and triggers, Kanban system scheduling and warnings for abnormal temperature or consumption. The next step targets the factory production methods, a Kanban scheduling system is implemented in the bakery production area. This methodology contributes to having a better in-place organisation and less chance of overlooking custom orders, it also grants traceability of ingredients and handlers as well as the production progress. Furthermore, mathematical models are used to prepare demand planning for the next year 2022, using data from previous years and external parameters. In addition, both trips' optimization and inventory management are transformed to satisfy provision needs. Finally, an array of IoT apparatus has been plugged into the existing equipment in the factory, ranging from walk-in fridges and ovens to the main 3-phase power service drop, providing real-time monitoring of temperatures and power consumption readings for every production area. In conclusion, all of the previously mentioned sections are combined within the APP, simplifying control over the production from the palm of the hand.

Study of flight delay in airports using Machine Learning techniques

Master thesis

Pérez Ricardo, Carlos

Tutor / Supervisor: Lordan González, Oriol; Sallán Leyes, José María

Publication date: 2022

Terrassa School of Industrial, Aerospace and Audiovisual Engineering (ESEIAAT)

Access to the full text

Evolución del mercado inmobiliario de vivienda en Lima (2008-2021)

Master thesis

Cruz Mestanza, Jhonny Alexander

Tutor / Supervisor: Sallán Leyes, José María

Publication date: 2022

Barcelona School of Building Construction (EPSEB)

View detail Access to the full text

La motivación del presente trabajo consiste en la aplicación del conocimiento tecnológico a través del software RStudio para la obtención de gráficas y estadísticas que permitan conocer el desarrollo del mercado inmobiliario de vivienda en Lima durante los últimos años, así como mostrar las ventajas que brinda el manejo de datos inmobiliarios para la obtención de estos resultados y puedan ser empleados como herramientas de decisión en beneficio del desarrollo profesional y del sector. Para esta investigación, llevada a cabo mediante un análisis descriptivo, se han empleado datos secundarios que pertenecen a fuentes confiables y que garantizan la veracidad y un escaso margen de error de los resultados obtenidos. Como base informativa se presenta un marco histórico que permite conocer cómo se conformaron los diferentes distritos de Lima y el porqué de las características urbanas que hoy presentan y que condicionan su participación en el mercado de vivienda actual. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la oferta de vivienda en Lima se caracteriza por una distribución irregular en perjuicio de la población más alejada del centro y, a su vez, la de menores recursos. De esta forma, es necesaria la redistribución de esta oferta en beneficio de más familias y, además, continuar propiciando el desarrollo de un mercado de vivienda libre de especulación y que disminuya progresivamente la demanda efectiva de vivienda.

The motivation of this work consists in the application of technological knowledge through the RStudio software to obtain graphs and statistics that allow to know the development of the housing real estate market in Lima during the last years, as well as to show the advantages that offers the management of real estate data to obtain these results and can be used as decision tools for the benefit of professional development and the sector. For this research, carried out through a descriptive analysis, secondary data have been used that belong to reliable sources and that guarantee the veracity and a small margin of error of the results obtained. As an informative base, a historical framework is presented that allows knowing how the different districts of Lima were formed and the reason for the urban characteristics that they present today and that condition their participation in the current housing market. The results obtained show that the supply of housing in Lima is characterized by an irregular distribution to the detriment of the population furthest from the center and, in turn, the population with fewer resources. In this way, it is necessary to redistribute this supply for the benefit of more families and, furthermore, continue promoting the development of a housing market free of speculation and that progressively reduces the effective demand for housing.

Analysis of dividends policy as a tool for shareholders conflict management

Master thesis

Settecase, Aurora

Tutor / Supervisor: Sallán Leyes, José María; Rondi, Laura

Publication date: 2022

Terrassa School of Industrial, Aerospace and Audiovisual Engineering (ESEIAAT)

View detail Access to the full text

Study of people's willingness to fly leisure after COVID-19

Master thesis

Hernández San José, Víctor

Tutor / Supervisor: Lordan González, Oriol; Sallán Leyes, José María

Publication date: 2022

Terrassa School of Industrial, Aerospace and Audiovisual Engineering (ESEIAAT)

View detail Access to the full text

Study of the impact on the business air travel market of after COVID-19 practices of telework and online meetings

Master thesis

Garín Seijo, Marta

Tutor / Supervisor: Lordan González, Oriol; Sallán Leyes, José María

Publication date: 2021

Terrassa School of Industrial, Aerospace and Audiovisual Engineering (ESEIAAT)

Access to the full text

Report on the improvement of Flow Management through Crossing-Point Metrics

Master thesis

Carrera Prat, Gerard

Tutor / Supervisor: Sallán Leyes, José María

Publication date: 2021

Terrassa School of Industrial, Aerospace and Audiovisual Engineering (ESEIAAT)

Access to the full text

Analysis of airline passenger market in southern Europe from a Pareto efficiency perspective

Master thesis

Yébenes Creus, Aleix

Tutor / Supervisor: Sallán Leyes, José María; Lordan González, Oriol

Publication date: 2021

Terrassa School of Industrial, Aerospace and Audiovisual Engineering (ESEIAAT)

Access to the full text

Study and optimization of production flow by applying a graph theory approach

Master thesis

Alonso Cebolla, Pablo

Tutor / Supervisor: Sallán Leyes, José María

Publication date: 2021

Terrassa School of Industrial, Aerospace and Audiovisual Engineering (ESEIAAT)

View detail Access to the full text

The main objective of this thesis is to develop and perform an analysis of optimization based on applying a Graph Theory approach on manufacturing systems, throughout which fundamental information about the structure and connectivity behaviour of the studied networks will be obtained, allowing to determine the most efficient ways of improving the security and the quality of the production flow. As a guidance for the study, the following two hypotheses are presented at the introduction of the project: the first and more general one, The application of a Graph Theory approach to analyse and study manufacturing systems offers suitable information that can be used to optimize the production flow; the second and more specific one, A Local Clustering Coefficient (LCC) approach can be used to cluster processes of a manufacturing system. To prove the veracity of both hypotheses and pursuit the main objective of the study, several procedures based on parameters and theoretical aspects of the Graph Theory are applied to different manufacturing system's equivalent graphs. Concretely, the suitability of this approach is tested in three different manufacturing systems: in first instance, two toy model networks are used to observe the response and the coherence of some of the proposed analysis procedures in front of relatively simple and not large manufacturing systems; in second and final instance, some of the procedures implemented and polished in toy model's chapter are tested in front of a far more large and complex manufacturing system's equivalent network. The methods of which the Graph Theory approach mainly consist of are based on the analysis of centrality measures from different perspectives such as its evolution throughout the network, synergies and robustness analysis mainly based on sequential targetted centrality attacks. The results obtained from the application of the Graph Theory approach on manufacturing systems are positive and promising, as the information gathered about the critical connectivity points and the behavioural structure of the studied networks have permitted, using a proper interpretation, to make suggestions and recommendations that can be implemented to optimize the production flow and to plan the most efficient way of investing economic resources. But in what the second hypothesis is concerned, the results obtained indicate that there is no coherence on using the Local Clustering Coefficient, as well as Strongly Connected Components and Weakly Connected Components, to determine if certain components of the manufacturing system can be clustered or not

Study of effectiveness of policies mitigating health and economic effects of COVID-19 pandemic

Master thesis

Bozorov, Rustam

Tutor / Supervisor: Sallán Leyes, José María; D'Ambrosio, Anna

Publication date: 2021

Terrassa School of Industrial, Aerospace and Audiovisual Engineering (ESEIAAT)

View detail Access to the full text

Aviation alliances impact in african aviation market development

Master thesis

Formenti, Luca

Tutor / Supervisor: Sallán Leyes, José María; Martini, Gianmaria; Scotti, Davide

Publication date: 2021

Terrassa School of Industrial, Aerospace and Audiovisual Engineering (ESEIAAT)

View detail Access to the full text

Even in this inauspicious situation, marked by a global pandemic, the need for connections between countries is not just a service required by the demanding side, but is a powerful tool for companies, institutions and even Nations to grow and create welfare. Today, the fastest but most challenging way to connect one State to the other is through the air. Aviation is indeed the first way of transportation either when it is necessary to move valuable goods from point A to B or when there are customers willing to travel medium-to-long distances in very short times. However, the real challenge arises in those markets where, due to economic, political or organizational issues, is extremely difficult to build a resilient, efficient and safe network to allow people to fly freely. The first and most evident case in our era is Africa, where historical backgrounds are still restricting the economic development: the lack of reliable structures and an incomplete air liberalisation is causing the continent's backwardness. Africa is a continent with an untapped potential, especially in the transportation field. Both intra-Africa and International connections would enable its States members to flourish in this globalized world. It is unquestionable that improving the existing air transportation system would increase in several ways each African Nation's welfare. In this situation, alliances find virgin soil to proliferate, at least in theory. The very nature of this agreement is to extend the existing network of each of the undertakings, to have access to more resources that could be used for the advantage of the entire group increasing the efficiency of the combined operations. 3o million km2 , 54 states and thousands of domestic and international routes could be served better if only foreign carriers could overcome the plethora of issues which characterise the actual state of things. But why has the situation come to this? Why have alliances not yet penetrated the market? and why the solution cannot come from local carriers? The literature on African aviation covers many key themes that will be considered in the current analysis: • How African air liberalisation has impacted on intra African trade flow? • Is deregulation providing positive effects on local economies? • How carriers' alliances could be beneficial for African aviation development? And for the market in general? • Why should (and how could) African carriers enter an alliance? All these topics are treated separately most of the time, first for a matter of complexity of each theme and second for the absence of a substantial literature to refer to. However, they are connected one to the other